Monday, August 7, 2023

Ang pinagmulan ng Potong (orig spelling 1609 ni Morga), later, naging Putong sa panulat ni Rizal mismo (1890)


Marinduque's Gov. Presby Velasco with a putong of nito.


     Not Bruno Mars but a 19th century Tagalog gentleman with original putong

Isinulat ito ni Antonio de Morga sa kanyang Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas,  literally Events in the Philippine Islands, 1609. Isa sa pinakamahalagang panulat tungkol sa kasaysayan ng pananakop ng mga Kastila sa ating bansa.

Sa pagsasalarawan niya stungkol sa kasuotan ng mga katutubo ng Luzon, ito ang sinabi: 

"Nagsusuot din sila ng kapirasong may kulay na tela na nakabalot sa paligid ng baywang, at pinapadaan sa pagitan ng dalawang hita, para matakpan ang pribadong mga bahagi, hanggang umabot ito pababa sa mga hita; bahag ang tawag dito. Naglalakad sila ng nakayapak, walang takip ang mga paa, at sa ulo na walang takip, binabalutan nila ng makitid na tela, na tinatawag na potong". 

{In describing what were worn by the natives of Luzon before the coming of the Spaniards, Morga wrote:

 “ They also wore a strip of colored cloth wrapped about the waist, and passed between the legs, so that it covered the privy parts, reaching half-way down the thigh; these are called bahaques. (bahags) They go with legs bare, feet unshod, and the head uncovered, wrapping a narrow cloth, called potong”.}

'To crown', 'Para Koronahan"

Hinangaan ni Dr. José Rizal ang mga isinulat ni Morga at ini-annotate niya ito, para mabigyan ng higit na paliwanag ang mga naisulat na. Natapos ito ng dakilang bayani natin a Paris noong 1890. Ipinaliwanag ni Rizal kung ano yung "potong". ("Putong" na ang ginamit niya sa pagsusulat).

 Rizal wrote:

“They wrapped it in different ways, now in the Moro style, like a turban without the top part, now twisted and turned in the manner of the crown of a hat. Those who esteemed themselves valiant let the ends of the cloth, elaborately embroidered, fall down the back to the buttocks.
In the color of the cloth, they showed their chieftaincy, and the device of their undertakings and prowess. No one was allowed to use the red potong until he had killed at least one man. And in order to wear them edged with certain edgings, which were regarded as a crown, they must have killed seven men” (Colin). Even now any Indio is seen to wear the balindang in the manner of the putong. Putong signifies in Tagál, “to crown” or “to wrap anything around the head.”—Rizal.


To this, the joyous welcome ritual. 

In Marinduque, where the historic putong (or tubong) has evolved into the practice of performing a happy song-and-dance ritual for a celebrant, an honoree, a special guest, or a family member as a form of thanksgiving.Everyone wishes them the best now and in the days to come. 

Te meaning of the Tagalog word has remained the same - four centuries after Morga wrote it. But it has now evolved into a new form, in celebration of the past, present and future.

Friday, August 4, 2023

Harold, his father, brother, and how much they cared for Teatro Balangaw


Cover of 'Community Theater: Global Perspectives' by Eugene van Erven

 Harold Glenn Miciano has joined his father, Melo, in heaven. 

Yes, I do remember how proud his father was of his Harold, especially, and his brother Hajun, particularly of his sons’ artistic contribution to our humble Teatro Balangaw in the late 90’s.

After all, Mara Unduk, that dance-drama where the brothers were lead players had performances then in several Marinduque towns and some barangays in Boac. Not to mention the group’s performances at the Rajah Sulaiman Theater then at Fort Bonifacio, Nayong Pilipino and at Museong Pambata in Roxas Boulevard.

The brothers also took part in a Teatro Balangaw-PETA play way back in 1997, "Putik sa Karamihan, Ginto sa Iilan" in Boac. That’s about the Marcopper disaster that transpired a year before and how it affected the lives of the people.

That particular project was filmed by Oceanic Films for European television and titled "Swapping Stories". There was a segment in it that included an interview with Tatay Melo,, Hajun and Harold while fishing along the coast of Laylay. There, the old man was heard complaineing about their dwindling catch after the mine spill.


Then a book was later published, Community Theater: Global Perspectives by renowned expert of community theater, Eugene van Erven who came with his crew. The book that featured Teatro Balangaw’s work and the Miciano’s was released with the said unique video record of van Erven's journey in Marinduque.


On page 49 of the book, van Erven wrote:

After the show, Ernie (Cloma) takes the microphone to tell the audience that the play they have seen is the result of a five-day workshop with members of Teatro Balangaw and artist-teachers from PETA and that they dedicate the performance to the people of Marinduque. Melo Miciano, Harold's and Hajun's father, tells me he is proud of his sons and expresses the hope that they will perform the play in other Marinduque communities as well. Several unidentified local environmental activists comment that they equally enjoyed it and that they noticed that a lot of the factual information in the play was new to the audience:

Many people from Boac town have never been up to the barrio. They know about it, generally, but don't seem to care. Looking around me I also noticed how people tuned in to the entertainment elements in the show, but turned off during the more serious parts. But this kind of theater is good; it will draw people's attention, like fish to a bait.

 

Part of a page from Community Theater: Global Perspectives:


Thursday, August 3, 2023

Ang Battles of La Naval de Manila ay sa dagat ng Marinduque naganap hindi sa Maynila

 


Pagsasalarawan ng tinawag na Battles of La Naval de Manila


Tipong lihis ang pagtawag ng mga historyador sa kabanatang iyon ng "Battles of La Naval de Manila" dahil ang totoo, ang sagupaang iyon ay nangyari sa dagat ng Marinduque noong 1646 ngani. 

Ginugunita naman hanggang ngayon ang kabanatang ito bilang bahagi ng Pista ng Virgen ng Santo Rosario sa Santo Domingo Church sa Maynila. Ito ang ganap tuwing ikalawang Linggo ng Oktubre taon-taon. Ito na nga po iyong Mahal na Ina ng Santo Rosario ng La Naval de Manila, tawag din ay Santo Rosario o kaya ay Our Lady of La Naval de Manila.

Di baga mas tumpak na tawaging La Naval de Marinduque ang kabanatang iyon? Nangyari nga lang na hindi pa kilala ng mga panahong yaon ang probinsya natin. 

Anyway, ano ba yung madugong labanan na iyon sa pagitan ng Spanish at Dutch sa dagat ng Marinduque? 


Ito ang lugar sa may pagitan ng Marinduque at Banton na ngayo'y pinaliigiran ng rich divesite areas. Naroon ang mga Dutch ship, fallen, cold and coral encrusted na.

1646 naman naganap sa pagitan ng Marinduque at Banton ang bombahan sa pagitan ng dalawang Spanish galleons at pitong Dutch warships. Ito ang labanan na itinuturing ng mga mananampalataya na isang tunay na milagro. 1652 nadeklarang milagro ng Cathedral Chapter of Manila at doon pa lamang nagamit ang branding na 'La Naval de Manila'.

Magkahiwalay na sumumpa (vowed), sa publiko baga naman ang mga Kastilang sina Heneral Orellana at Admiral Lopez na kapag napanalunan nila ang laban na ito ay maglalakad silang nakayapak mula Cavite hanggang sa Santo Domingo Church sa Manila sa ngalan ng Virgen ng Santo Rosario. 

Naganap sa karagatang ito ang pinakamadugong labanan na mula mga alas-siete ng gabi, July 29, 1646. Pinaligiran ng pitong Dutch ships ang Encarnacion. Palitan ng mga putukan at may napuruhan sa panig ng mga piratang Dutch.

Ang Rosario naman ay nasa labas ng nakapaligid na kaaway sa Encarnacion. Walang hirap sa ginawang pambobomba ang Rosario mula sa likuran at lumala ang kalagayan ng mga kaaway. Sinubukan ng mga Dutch na pasabugin ang Encarnacion sa pamamagitan ng isa nitong fire ship, subalit sinalubong ito ng mga kanyon kayat umurong. Binalingan naman ang Rosario subalit sinalubong din ng sampung sabay sabay na kanyon. Nahagip ang mga fireworks ng fire ship at sumabog ito, nasunog at lumubog, kasama ang mga tripolante.

 Walang namatay sa Encarnacion pero nalagasan ang Rosario ng limang sundalo. Nang sumunod na araw ay ang Spanish-Filipino fleet naman ang humabol sa kaaway. Nakorner ng dalawang galleon ang mga Dutch noong July 31, 1646 mga alas-dos ng hapon. 

Nakarating ang labanan sa pagitan naman ng Mindoro at isla ng Maestre de Campo. Inihalintulad ang putukan ng magkabilang panig sa animoy "pagsabog ng maraming bulkan". Nalampang isa-isa ang mga barko ng Dutch at lumubog naman ang isa pang barko kasama ang crew at mga armas.

 "Ave Maria! Ave Maria! ang sigaw ng mga bida, "Viva la fe Cristo y la Virgen Santissima del Rosario!" (Long live the Faith in Christ and the Most Holy Virgin".

 

 

I

Tuesday, August 1, 2023

More intrigue about Mara Unduk, the dance-drama


Water-damaged photo of the delubyo scene while the mine tailings continued
to enundate daily the Boac nearby.

Teatro Balangaw's Mara Unduk was restaged in 1996 as part of the Easter Sunday program in Boac. One week before the event, in the middle of rehearsals hit the infamous Marcopper mine tailings disaster. All too suddenly, death and destruction was wrought to the historic Boac River.

But coincidentally, there was a scene in Mara Unduk that depicted death and destruction (delubyo), reminiscent of the man-made killing of the river at that time (above photo}. Like life imitating Art, kumbaga, and that did not escape our attention.

Alon and Baylana dance. Daupan Festival for Philippine Revolution, Centennial 1998

To this day, but elsewhere online, people still talk about the Mara Unduk tale. Other than NASA trying to study the two-moon theory which Mara Unduk presented more than a decade before, blogger Bob Demaria stated: "You need to listen to the ancients rather modern science that dreams up scenarios that have no reality."

He went on to mention the Mara Unduk tale providing a link to it, and shared a related story about Mani the moon from the Prose Edda.

He just wants to remind his followers and readers, thus: “Listen  and read the old tales of the ancients who passed them down to us. Modern science knows nothing and is thoroughly ignorant because they’re more intelligent and ancient man was primitive and full of superstitious beliefs.”

Today, I read the news about the passing of Harold Glenn Miciano who played the lead, Alon, many times in many places. Am sharing some of the pictures that have survived natural and man-made disasters. Incidentally, a photo of him as Alon in a Fort Santiago performance had graced The Asia Magazine.


                Harold Glenn at extreme right



A Mara Unduk prformance for Tagalog Fiesta at Nayong Pilipino, 1996.

               Harold Glenn Miciano



Pakibasa rin, read:

A colossal intrigue! From Teatro Balangaw's 1992 two-moon myth to NASA's 2013 two-moon theory.